Differences between welding, soldering and Brazing
Welding soldering and brazing are the metal joining process.
Each type of joining process has its own significance. Type of joining process
to be applied for joining two parts depends on many factors. Below tabular comparison
tells us the differences between the joining processes welding, soldering and
brazing in aspects like strength comparison, temperature requirement, change in
properties after joining cost involved, heat treatment, preheating etc.
S.No |
Welding |
Soldering |
Brazing |
1. |
Welding joints are strongest joints used to bear
the load. Strength of the welding portion of joint is usually more than the
strength of base metal. |
Soldering joints are weakest joints out of three.
Not meant to bear the load. Use to make electrical contacts generally. |
Brazing joints are weaker than welding joints but
stronger than soldering joints. This can be used to bear the load up to some
extent. |
2. |
Temperature required is 3800°C in welding joints. |
Temperature requirement is up to 450°C in
Soldering joints |
Temperature may go to 600°C in brazing joints. |
3. |
To join work pieces need to be heated till their
melting point. |
Heating of the work pieces is not required. |
Work pieces are heated but below their melting
point. |
4. |
Mechanical properties of base metal may change at
the joint due to heating and cooling. |
No change in mechanical properties after joining. |
May change in mechanical properties of joint but
it is almost negligible. |
5. |
Heat cost is involved and high skill level is required |
Cost involved and skill requirements are very low |
Cost involved and skill required are in between
other two. |
6. |
Heat treatment is generally required to eliminate undesirable
effects of welding. |
No heat treatment is required |
No heat treatment is required after brazing. |
7. |
No preheating of work piece is required before
welding as it is carried out at high temperature. |
Preheating of work pieces before soldering is good
for making good quality joint |
Preheating is desirable to make strong joint as
brazing is carried out at relatively low temperature. |
Note :-
Soldering, brazing and welding are all methods of joining two
or more pieces of metal and selected other materials. They are also methods
used to fill gaps in metal parts.
In welding, the two metals must be similar. For example,
copper cannot be welded to steel. Welding uses high temperature to melt and
join two metal parts. A filler metal is often used as well.
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