WELDER'S VISUAL INSPECTION HANDBOOK-PDF

 

Visual Inspection Responsibilities :- 
1. When – Final visual inspections must be performed:
a) When the weld is complete, and in the final surface and heat treated conditions
b) Before other NDT (when required)
c) Before being made inaccessible for inspection
2. Where – the weld inspection zone:
a) All work - Completed weld faces plus ½ inch on both sides of weld shall be visually inspected for
the entire length of the weld.
b) To gauge weld size:
(1). Gauge where the weld size visually appears to be the smallest.
(2). If the weld length is five feet or less, gauge a minimum of once per weld.
(3). If the weld length is greater than five feet, gauge a minimum of once every five feet.

Visual Inspection Technique :-
1. What – In order to perform final visual inspection you need:
a) Adequate lighting (use flashlight as needed)
b) Weld gauges (bridge cam and finger gauges recommended)
c) Prescription glasses (as required)

2. How – Distance and angle:
a) The inspector’s eyes should be within 24 inches of the surface to be inspected and
b) At an angle of at least 30 degrees to the surface being inspected.

Definitions :- 
1. Completed weld – A weld that is completed and is ready for final visual inspection.
2. Defect – Any harmful discontinuity that must be repaired to be acceptable.
3. Discontinuity – Any imperfection in the normal structure or configuration of a weld or the base material that may or may not need to be repaired.
4. Final visual inspection of welds– Visual inspection performed on a completed weld in the final surface condition and heat-treated condition.
5. Finished weld – A weld that has received final inspection and has been accepted.
6. In-process visual inspection of welds- Visual inspection performed on intermediate passes of multipass welds.
7. Sound metal – Metal that contains no defects.
8. Skewed fillet welds - Fillet or fillet reinforced weld that is less than 85° or greater than 95°.

NDT – Nondestructive Testing
VT = Visual Inspection
MT = Magnetic Particle Inspection
PT = Liquid Penetrant Inspection
UT = Ultrasonic Inspection
RT = Radiographic Inspection
ET = Eddy Current Inspection

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